Spatiotemporal supraglacial pond and ice cliff changes in the Bhutan–Tibet border region from 2016 to 2018
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Supraglacial ponds and ice cliffs can dramatically enhance ablation rates on debris-covered glaciers. also coalesce, forming moraine-dammed lakes at risk of glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF). Given Bhutanese glaciers have some the highest loss in Himalaya GLOF vulnerability is high, we seek to advance our understanding spatial distribution evolution supraglacial cliffs. Here, use high-resolution (3 m) Planet Labs satellite imagery provide first short-term, dataset pond cliff for three along Bhutan–Tibet border from 2016 2018. A total 5754 2088 were identified. Large intra-annual changes observed, with ponded area drainage events coinciding seasonality Indian Summer Monsoon. On average, ~19% number had a coincident cliff. Pond was driven by ice-surface velocities, higher numbers found areas low velocity (<8 m −1 ). Our study provides detailed, quantitative investigation Bhutan, providing framework further monitoring this understudied, yet important, region Himalaya.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Glaciology
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0022-1430', '1727-5652']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.76